Tooth decay or dental caries is one of the most common chronic oral health issues found in children. The decay usually starts with weakened or damaged enamel and can quickly progress into a cavity. When tooth decay remains untreated, the damage can be irreversible and require the removal of the tooth. Good oral hygiene can help prevent tooth decay in addition to the use of fluoride and routine dental visits.
Tooth decay is a term which is used to describe the tooth’s enamel which is damage or weak. Tooth decay occurs as the result of bacteria in the mouth. When a patient eats and drinks, the bacteria feeds on the sugars, creating an acidic byproduct. Unless they are properly removed, the acids will attack and weaken the tooth’s enamel.
As the breakdown of the enamel progresses, cavities can develop on the hard outer layer of the tooth. Cavities in young children and toddlers unfortunately cannot be reversed, however, the issue can be treated. In order to properly treat the cavity and prevent further decay, the child will need to make a visit the dentist.
Prevention
In order to prevent tooth decay in children, it is important to practice good oral hygiene and consume a healthy, well-balanced diet. Parents should limit the amount of sugary foods and drinks their child consumes. It is also important for the child to following a balanced, nutritious diet.
Tooth decay can prevented with healthy habits and the right tools. Children with early signs of tooth decay should work closely with a pediatric dentist for treatment. Below are some of the top methods for reducing tooth decay:
- Apply a fluoride treatment
- Use teeth sealants
- Good and consistent oral hygiene
- Regular visits to the dentist for an examination and cleaning
Fluoride
A fluoride treatment is one of the best methods to fight against early tooth decay. Fluoride slows down mineral loss, in addition to re-mineralizing and strengthening the enamel. It can also help prevent the production of acid which can damage the teeth and cause decay.
Fluoridated water can be an excellent place to start. In many cases, public drinking water is fluoridated. Toothpaste which contains fluoride is another great way to protect the teeth. A fluoridated toothpaste can help protect against the accumulation of tartar and plaque. A fluoride treatment can also be administered by the dentist in their office.
Sealants
Early tooth decay and cavities can also be prevented through the use of sealants. The dentist will apply a protective coating to the teeth, which prevents the collection of bacteria and plaque from on the jagged surfaces of the teeth. Without a sealant, these areas are at an increased risk for decay.
Oral Hygiene
Good oral hygiene includes brushing the teeth at least twice each day with a soft toothbrush. Parents should work with their children to clean their teeth in the morning and after their last meal of the day. Children also benefit from flossing and cleaning between the teeth.
Dental Visits
Patients should also make regular visits to the dentist for an examination and professional cleaning. Children should visit the dentist once their teeth begin to erupt and prior to their first birthday. The dentist will also examine the child's teeth. These visits are also a great opportunity for parents to discuss nutrition and any habits such as the use of a pacifier, bottle or thumb sucking.
Tooth decay in children can cause serious, long-term problems. In most cases, the decay can be prevented through good oral hygiene. Early detection is also important for a successful treatment. It is important for children to make routine visits to the dentist in order to maintain a healthy, beautiful smile for the rest of their life.